Bullous pemphigoid needs two axes, not one: refining the actionable inflammatory endotype
Abstract
Commenting on the recent paper by Cao et al., we argue that their inflammatory phenotype of bullous pemphigoid is better characterized as interleukin (IL)-13/alarmin-driven than eosinophil-defined – favouring IL-4Rα blockade over eosinophil-directed therapy – and that the reciprocal phenotype should not be assumed to be low risk. We therefore propose a complementary autoantibody/complement axis alongside the type 2 axis, with prospective multicentre calibration linking both to differential treatment response as the necessary next step.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Autoimmune Bullous Skin Diseases
Dermatology and Skin Diseases
Urticaria and Related Conditions
Publication details
- Journal / source
- British Journal of Dermatology
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Volume
- 195
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 699–700
- Publication date
- 11 July 2026
- Language
- EN