Foster carers’ experiences of happiness: A qualitative investigation using positive psychology’s PERMA framework

Abstract This small-scale qualitative study explored the recalled experiences of happiness in the lives of eight Australian foster carers. Using Seligman’s (2011) PERMA model of well-being, the study explored how carers’ descriptions of recent happiness aligned with the model’s five dimensions. Foster carers with psychosocial and emotional well-being are more likely to manage the role’s stressors benefitting foster children and the out of home care system more through increased retention. The PERMA model may also offer social workers a valuable tool to support carers’ well-being. The PERMA model may also offer social workers a tool to support foster carers well-being. Thematic analysis of the semistructured interviews revealed that some carers reported meaningful and happy lives, whereas others described meaningful but unhappy lives. Consistent with previous research, happiness was associated with wide and supportive social networks, especially close friendships with other foster carers. Happiness was also more apparent when carers derived meaning, purpose, and accomplishment across multiple life domains. These finding contribute new insight into foster carer happiness and suggest the PERMA model can encourage reflection on well-being. It, therefore, shows promise as a tool for social workers to incorporate into their practice.