Hydrogen storage under ambient conditions: a mini-review

Abstract Hydrogen is a promising energy carrier due to its high gravimetric energy density and clean oxidation product. However, the efficient storage of hydrogen at ambient conditions remains a significant challenge, particularly for onboard applications, as conventional methods fail to store sufficient quantities. This mini-review explores ambient hydrogen storage systems, including physical sorbents (eg metal-organic frameworks, covalent organic frameworks, porous organic polymers, carbon-based materials, and zeolites) and chemisorption materials (e.g. metallic hydrides). Additionally, we highlight studies on composite materials that integrate these approaches for improved storage under near-ambient conditions. The minireview concludes with insights into future directions and commercialization potential for advanced hydrogen storage media.