Patient and public involvement in the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease: a statement of the Association of Cardiovascular Nursing and Allied Professions of the ESC and the ESC Patient Forum

Patient and public involvement (PPI) plays a pivotal role in enhancing the management and prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD), at multiple levels. The partnership with patients and the public, those who are directly affected by CVD, is central to delivering personalized care, and may contribute to decreasing the burden of CVD and reducing health inequalities. This statement describes the concept of PPI and highlights the role of PPI across different settings including: clinical practice, research, regulatory processes, and policy and clinical guideline development. Recognition of the value of PPI and how to create environments and infrastructure to embed PPI into these areas requires further attention, specifically for under-represented communities. Therefore, considerations for good practice as well as future directions for improvement are provided. Whilst the content of this paper focusses on CVD, the insights provided can be applied to other conditions.