Thank you to reviewers

A scientific journal exists because of the good will and assistance of its reviewers, who generously contribute their time and knowledge. As a journal, we can only publish approximately 25% of the papers we receive. In order to publish high-quality papers, we depend on the expertise and recommendations of the reviewers. In 2025, a total of 421 reviewers provided their expert opinions to guide our editorial decisions. We would like to take this opportunity to thank each of our reviewers, as listed below: Mari Aaltonen, Finland Francisco Jose Abajo Iglesias, Spain José Manuel Aburto, United States Muhammed Adeniyi, United States Hazem Agha, Palestine Anya Agopian, Armenia Gunnar Ågren, Sweden Johan Åhlen, Sweden Guillaume Airagnes, France Kenni Wojujutari Ajele, South Africa Tit Albreht, Slovenia François Alla, France Mirjam Allik, United Kingdom Sara Allin, Canada Catarina Almqvist, Sweden Javier Alvarez-Galvez, Spain Yrkamba Bienvenu Amakoue, France Antonella Amendola, Italy Gunnar Andersson, Sweden Marike Andreas, Germany Sven Andréasson, Sweden Gabriel Andreuccetti, Brazil Laura Andrissi, Italy Peter Angelopoulos, Greece Jon Anson, Israel Cigdem Apaydin Kaya, Turkey Franklin Apfel, United Kingdom Siddartha Aradhya, Sweden Emilia Aragon de Leon, Denmark Stefanos Archontakis, Greece Natasha Azzopardi-Muscat, Denmark Sofie Bäärnhielm, Sweden Cătălin O. Baba, Romania Birgit Babitsch, Germany Thomas Babor, United States Eva Bacsne Baba, Hungary Sekene Badiaga, France Birna Baldursdottir, Iceland Christiane Baldus, Germany Helen Banks, Italy Tom Baranowski, United States Royi Barnea, Israel Emily Bartlett, United States Mel Bartley, United Kingdom Arne Bathke, Austria Alessandra Battisti, Italy Tom Bazuin, Netherlands Omid Beiki, Sweden Nadia Benahmed, Belgium Dániel Bereczki, Hungary Merita Berisha, Albania Fabrizio Bert, Italy Kathelijne Bessems, Netherlands Govert Bijwaard, Netherlands Jonas Björk, Sweden Ingunn Bjornsdottir, Denmark Flora Blangis, France Vendula Blaya-Nováková, Spain Petri Böckerman, Finland Annabelle Bockey, Germany Aurélie Bocquier, France Andrea Bordugo, Italy Isabelle Bos, Netherlands Eduardo Bossone, Italy Joao Breda, Greece Eleonora Brillo, Italy Monica Georgiana Brînzac, Romania Denise Brown, United Kingdom Søren Brunak, Denmark Geir Brunborg, Norway Olivier Bruyère, Belgium Dania Bucchi, Italy Francisco Buitrago, Spain Martin Burtscher, Austria Marcel Buster, Netherlands Stefan Buttigieg, Malta Funda Pınar Çakıroğlu, Turkey Tomaž Čakš, Slovenia Valentino Calvez, Italy Sevgi Canbaz, Turkey José Manuel Cancio-Trujillo, Spain Margarida Cardoso, Portugal Cristian Carmeli, Switzerland Pilar Carrasco-Garrido, Spain Xavier Carrillo, United States Enrique Castro-Sánchez, United Kingdom R. Catalano, United States Sarah Champagne, United Kingdom Yue-Fang Chang, United States Periklis Charalampous, Netherlands Marie-aline Charles, France Janine Charnley, Australia Eleanor Chatburn, United Kingdom Elisabetta Chellini, Italy Palma Chillón, Spain Felix Chilunga, Netherlands C.T. Chiu, Taiwan Nain-Feng Chu, Taiwan Simon Ciotlaus, Romania Tom Clemens, United Kingdom Sarah Clifford, Australia John Conly, Canada Megan Cook, Australia Maria Corell, Sweden Tiago Correia, Portugal Yolima Cossio-Gil, Spain Matty Crone, Netherlands Alexis E. Cullen, Sweden Katarzyna Czabanowska, Netherlands Suzannah D’Hooghe, Belgium Bruno da Costa, Canada Shaonong Dang, China Mike Daube, Australia Elise de Boer, Netherlands Elise de La Rochebrochard, France Augusto Cesar De Moraes, Brazil Angelique de Rijk, Netherlands Rosa De Vincenzo, Italy Corrado De Vito, Italy Reed T. DeAngelis, United States Dorly J. H. Deeg, Netherlands Annarosa del Mistro, Italy Marco Del Riccio, Italy Luc Deliens, Belgium Diana M.J. Delnoij, Netherlands Evangelia Demou, United Kingdom Rossella Di Bidino, Italy Giuseppe Di Martino, Italy Alessandro Di Nallo, Germany Marcello Di Pumpo, Italy Julio Diaz, Spain Giacomo Diedenhofen, Italy Henriëtte Dijkshoorn, Netherlands Charalabos-Markos Dintsios, Germany Elizabeth Do, United States Annette J. Dobson, Australia Danny Dorling, United Kingdom Maria Dorrucci, Italy Julie Dreier, Denmark Tim Driscoll, Australia Denise Duijster, Netherlands Xavier Duran, Spain Raika Durusoy, Turkey Anna Dzielska, Poland Liselotte Elinder, Sweden Marko Elovainio, Finland Saffet Erdoğan, Turkey Erdem Erkoyun, Turkey Oscar Espinosa, Colombia Petra Fadgyas-Freyler, Hungary Michelle Falkenbach, United States Kristin Farrants, Sweden Michael Farrell, Australia Bruno Federico, Italy Ingvild Felling Meyer, Norway Gianluigi Ferrante, Italy Francisco Javier Ferreira Alfaya, Spain Martina Fier, Germany Agnieszka Fihel, Poland Tommaso Filippini, Italy Carmine Finelli, Italy Patricia Fitzpatrick, Ireland Sari Fjöjd, Finland William Fleming, United Kingdom Valter Fonseca, Greece Leena Forma, Finland Line Foss, Norway Sandrine Fosse Edorh, France Sally Fowler Davis, United Kingdom Matteo Franchi, Italy Natalia Frankowska, Poland Marco Franze, Germany Rosemary Frasso, United States Judith Fuchs, Germany Symielle Gaston, United States Natalia Gavrilova, United States Mandy Geise, Netherlands Katalin Gemes, Sweden Aaron George, United States Laurent Gerbaud, France Jinane Ghattas, Belgium Alejandro Gil-Salmerón, Spain Rosa Gini, Italy Mika Gissler, Finland Roberto Gnavi, Italy Rosa Gofin, Israel Sule Gokyildiz, Turkey Léontine Goldzahl, France Mileta Golubović, Montenegro Natalia Goncalves, Brazil Gilberto Gonzalez-Parra, United States Alexander W. Gorny, Singapore Dave Grembowski, United States Paul Griffits, Australia Pavel Grigoriev, Germany Peter Groenewegen, Netherlands Franziska Großschädl, Austria Jing Gu, United States Wei Gu, Luxembourg Montserrat Guillen, Spain Martin Gulliford, United Kingdom Jordi Gumà-Lao, Spain Stefan Gutwinski, Germany Magnus Hakeberg, Sweden Christian Hakulinen, Finland Kai Haldre, Belgium Virginie Halley des Fontaines, France Claus Hansen, Denmark Till Hansen, Germany Helen Harcombe, New Zealand Sally Hargreaves, United Kingdom Karen Hayhurst, United Kingdom Jenny Head, United Kingdom Gunnel Hensing, Sweden Shehan Hettiaratchy, United Kingdom Lucinda Hiam, United Kingdom Catherine Hill, France Andreas Höehn, United Kingdom Joshi Hogenboom, Netherlands Raoull Hoogendijk, Netherlands Zakir Hossin, Sweden Juliette Hussey, Ireland Palmira Immordino, United States David Ingleby, Netherlands Peter Iserbyt, Belgium Urban Janlert, Sweden Inchul Jeong, Korea (the Republic of) Nafisat Jimoh, Nigeria Emily Johnson, Denmark Pascale Jonckheer, Belgium M. Kakizaki, Japan Ahmet Serdar Karaca, Turkey Karoliina Karjalainen, Finland A. O. Kern, Germany Amal Khanolkar, United Kingdom Marte Kjøllesdal, Norway Knut-Inge Klepp, Norway Cathryn Knight, United Kingdom Teresa Kokot, Poland Eda Köksal, Turkey Hans-Helmut König, Germany Ida Korfage, Netherlands Päivi Korhonen, Finland Volodymyr Korolenko, Ukraine Jessica Korona-Bailey, United States Karolina Kósa, Hungary Carmen Koschollek, Germany Daniel Kotz, Germany David Kriebel, United States Anton Kunst, Netherlands Ng Kwok, Finland Christina N Kyriakos, United Kingdom Mikko Laaksonen, Finland Lies Lahousse, Belgium Marjaana Lahti-Koski, Finland Taavi Lai, Estonia Jongin Lee, Korea (the Republic of) Kate Lewis, United Kingdom Alastair Leyland, United Kingdom Ulrik Lidwall, Sweden Juha Liira, Finland Dimitra Lingri, Greece Yan Liu, Japan Marie Löf, Sweden Gabriela Lotta, Brazil Ke Lu, China Birgit Ludwig, Austria Aung Lwin, United States Oskar Lundgren, Sweden Sarah Lyness, United Kingdom Heidi Lyshol, Norway Louise Macaulay, United Kingdom Andrea Madarasova Geckova, Slovakia Aideen Maguire, United Kingdom Jasmine Cassy Mah, Canada Kinsuk Maitra, United States Rui Malheiro, Portugal Svenn-Erik Mamelund, Norway Julian Mamo, Malta Anastasia Månsson, Sweden Otilia Mårdh, Sweden Erika Marek, Hungary Tanja Marschall, Germany Heather Massey, United Kingdom Mioara Matei, Romania Charles Matthews, United States Elena Mazzalai, Italy Mark McCann, United Kingdom Suzanne McDonough, Ireland Elizabeth McGill, United Kingdom Majel McGranahan, United Kingdom Bo Melin, Sweden Ricardo Melo, Portugal Paulo Michelutti, Italy Estrella Miqueleiz, Spain Badrinarayan Mishra, India George Mkoma, Denmark Damon Morris, United Kingdom Nicola Mucci, Italy Thanos Myloneros, Greece Akinori Nakata, Japan Roy Nielsen, Norway Marie Norredam, Denmark Thor Norström, Sweden Johan Öberg, Sweden Juan Oliva-Moreno, Spain Ann Olsson, United States Eyal Oren, United States Martina Otavova, Belgium Maximilian Otte, Germany Hilal Özcebe, Turkey Eugenio Paglino, Finland Ligia Paina, United States Juha Pajula, Finland Salvador Peiró Moreno, Spain Vladimir Petrovic, Serbia Angelo Maria Pezzullo, Italy Davide Piaggio, United Kingdom Kustaa Piha, Finland Olga Poluektova, Italy Tielin Qin, United States Kirsimarja Raitasalo, Finland Melissa Raven, Australia Javiera Rebolledo Romero, Belgium Gareth Rees, Peru Vincenza Regine, Italy Sijmen Reijneveld, Netherlands Kari Reijula, Finland Grégoire Rey, France Aart-Jan Riekhoff, Finland Kvetoslava Rimárová, Slovakia Arja Rimpelä, Finland Blanca Riquelme-Gallego, Spain Mark Robinson, United Kingdom Ana Rodríguez-Álvarez, Spain Vladimir Rogalewicz, Czech Republic Carlos Rojas-Roque, United Kingdom Macarena Romero-Martin, Spain Sanna Rönkä, Finland Robin Room, Australia Aldo Rosano, Italy Enver Roshi, Albania Miguel Royo-Bordonada, Spain Noirin Russell, Ireland Indrek Saar, Estonia Maria Sala, Spain Maytham Salim, Iraq Laura Salonen, Finland Anne-Laure Samson, France Laura Samuel, United States Andrea Sanna, Italy João Santos, Portugal Letícia Regina Morello Sartori, United States Nicolò Scarsi, Italy Jasper Schipperjin, Denmark Martin Schneider, Switzerland Jason Schnittker, United States Sally Schultz, Australia Adenola Scotty, United States Yuliya Semenova, Kazakhstan Mathilde Sengoelge, Sweden Saliha Serap Çifçili, Turkey Jonathan Sher, Scotland Vladimir Shkolnikov, Germany Ruth Simmons, United Kingdom Alan Smith, Ireland Jan Sorensen, Ireland Mili Spahic, United States Anthony Staines, Ireland John Stephenson, United Kingdom Marta Stępień-Słodkowska, Poland Erwin Stolz, Austria Stefan Storcksdieck Genannt Bonsmann, Germany Cosmo Strozza, Denmark Michael Stucki, China Gerda Stutaite, Sweden Johanna Suur-Uski, Finland Signe Svallfors, Sweden Johan Svensson, Sweden Emma Marie Swift, Iceland Szymon Szemik, Poland Mary Takgbajouah, United States Tara Tancred, United Kingdom Nicholas Taylor, Australia Töres Theorell, Sweden Perihan Torun, Turkey Eni Tresa, Netherlands Maria Paola Trotta, Italy Federica Turati, Italy Marius-Ionut Ungureanu, Romania Roberto Valiente, Spain Angelica Valz Gris, Italy Adriana van Beek, Netherlands Stephan Van den Broucke, Belgium Paul Bastiaan van der Nat, Netherlands Lode van der Velde, Sweden Koos van der Velden, Netherlands Christel van Dijk, Netherlands Ko van Wouwe, Netherlands Orsolya Varga, Hungary Veronica Velasco, Italy Serena Vigezzi, Denmark Antonio Vinci, Italy Jozsef Vitrai, Hungary Rade Vukovic, Serbia Pieter Vynckier, Belgium Håkan Wall, Sweden Kai Wan, United Kingdom Gundo Weiler, United States Lothar Wieler, Germany Donna Wilson, Canada Michał Wróblewski, Poland Zhirong Yang, China Frederick Yap, Philippines Manuela Yepes Calderon, Netherlands Dana Zagnat, Romania Ángel R. Zapata-Moya, Spain H. Zeeb, Germany Elisabeth Lucia Zeilinger, Austria Corina-Aurelia Zugravu, Romania Oscar Zurriaga, Spain