Gastritis and AIDS-related cholangiopathy as an unusual presentation of HIV infection

Acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cholangiopathy has been a recognized clinical entity since the 1980s [1]. While the direct effects of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) on hepatocytes and Kupffer cells are well described, the precise mechanisms leading to cholangiopathy remain incompletely understood. Current evidence suggests that, beyond HIV itself, coinfection with opportunistic pathogens plays a central role, as they trigger inflammatory responses that promote biliary strictures, obstruction, and cholestatic liver injury [2]. The condition is typically observed in individuals with advanced immunodeficiency (commonly defined as having a CD4 lymphocytes count of