The Recurring Issue of Syphilis in Europe: Comment on “Ancient Genomes Reveal a Deep History of Treponema pallidum in the Americas”
Abstract
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Treponema pallidum, whose origin in Europe remains debated. Recent analysis of 5 ancient T. pallidum genomes from Central America surrounding Columbus's time revealed genetic diversity suggesting an emergence of syphilis in Europe after the 16th-century colonization of the Americas. However, this study missed 2 pre-Columbian Mexican genomes and paleopathological evidence of European treponematoses long before the 15th century. These discoveries challenge the notion of a single transatlantic introduction and point to a complex evolutionary history, marked by recombination events and genetic plasticity, suggesting a rhizomatic rather than linear model of evolution.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Syphilis Diagnosis and Treatment
Forensic Anthropology and Bioarchaeology Studies
Forensic and Genetic Research
Publication details
- Journal / source
- The Journal of Infectious Diseases
- Volume
- 233
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 981–982
- Publication date
- 6 January 2026
- Language
- EN