Medicine at work: a qualitative study into patients’ experiences with medication self-management and burden in the context of work

OBJECTIVES: The number of people with a chronic condition in the workforce is rising and the majority use medication. Medication self-management at work might be problematic. This study aimed to provide insight into the experiences of employees with balancing medication self-management and work. METHODS: Semi-structured interviews were held with 18 individuals with a variety of chronic health conditions, occupations, and medications. Interviews were guided by a topic list, transcribed, and open-coded. Thematic analysis identified determinants and behaviors that play a role in the interaction between medication self-management and performance and well-being at work. RESULTS: Fifteen participants used medication at work, mostly as needed and often administered on the go or covertly. Medication use at work was often perceived as doable due to flexibility and already established routines. However, a cumulative complexity of integrating medication use into the workday, the degree of side effects, and people's attitude towards openness could hinder successful integration of medication self-management at work. Participants adapted their medication schedule, made adjustments during their workday, and/or found ways to cope with these challenges emotionally. Medication often enabled work participation, although side effects of medication could impact workability, and (anticipated) stigma could affect the extent to which people can be themselves at work. CONCLUSIONS: Medication self-management at work requires adaptability from individuals themselves, their colleagues, and employers. Fostering a culture of acceptance and understanding at work while providing practical support can enhance medication self-management practices and well-being at work.