Low-Molecular-Weight vs. Unfractionated Heparin for Pulmonary Embolism

Abstract This chapter examines the use of low-molecular weight heparin (LMWH) vs. unfractionated heparin (UFH) for treating nonmassive pulmonary embolism (PE). A meta-analysis of 12 randomized controlled trials shows that LMWH is as effective and safe as UFH in treating nonmassive PE, with no significant differences in outcomes like recurrent venous thromboembolism or all-cause mortality. The chapter highlights the advantages of LMWH, such as its fixed dosing, ease of administration, and lack of need for frequent blood monitoring. Although the results were promising, the small sample sizes limit the ability to detect differences, and the findings may vary in higher-risk PE cases. The chapter concludes that LMWH is a practical treatment option, though its use should be considered based on the patient’s risk level.