Community reentry preparation and coordination

Abstract The transition from short-term incarceration in jail or longer term prison sentences back to the community presents substantial challenges for those with mental illness. Approximately 97% of all incarcerated persons return to the community. This simple reality makes it in society’s enlightened self-interest to be concerned with the readiness of these formerly incarcerated persons to live a productive life. The criminal justice and correctional treatment systems affect an IP’s behavior and opportunities upon release. Successful reentry planning considers multiple interrelated issues (e.g., entitlements, housing, treatment needs) when building an individualized plan to address them. It begins at admission and continues after release. Rather than considering incarceration to be an isolated event, reentry planning views incarceration as part of a cycle to be disrupted through targeted intervention. Correctional mental health treatment is seen as part of a continuum of care extending to the community. Reentry planning for people with serious mental illness should be a primary focus of correctional mental health care integrated into the treatment function, not an afterthought to be considered only as release is imminent. While acceptance of personal responsibility is a critical antecedent to leading a lawful life and self-determination a fundamental principle of recovery, it is unrealistic for service providers to rely on the individual to coordinate fragmented public systems. This is the job of those funded to provide services. This chapter presents the current understanding of transition support needs and practices to optimize successful community reentry.