Vesico-ureteric reflux

Abstract Vesico-ureteric reflux, a common urinary tract condition, is a significant cause of urinary tract infection, which sometimes leads to renal scarring. Lower urinary tract dysfunction contributes to the aetiology of reflux in infants and older girls. Evidence from recent controlled studies shows that conservative management, including antibiotic prophylaxis, is effective in reducing recurrence of febrile urinary tract infection in most children. Surgical management in the form of endoscopic correction or ureteric reimplantation has a role in specific situations, but in general, it is not the first-line therapy.