Treatment of infections

Abstract This chapter reviews the pharmacology of antibacterial, antiviral, antifungal, and antiparasitic drugs. The chapter focuses on agents most relevant to Emergency Medicine. It begins by outlining mechanisms of action, spectrum of activity, indications, and notable adverse effects. The chapter goes on to cover antibiotic stewardship principles, resistance mechanisms, and key clinical uses of penicillins, cephalosporins, aminoglycosides, macrolides, fluoroquinolones, and glycopeptides. Some key antiviral therapies, antifungal agents, and antiparasitic treatments are summarized, including guidance on empirical choices for common infections. All of the information maps to the RCEM Basic Sciences syllabus, making it relevant to Emergency Medicine practice and the examination.