Herpes simplex and zoster

Abstract This chapter provides a review of the virology, pathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of herpes simplex virus (HSV) types 1 and 2, and varicella zoster virus (VZV). It explains transmission routes, latent infection, and triggers for reactivation, with examples ranging from cold sores to encephalitis. VZV is discussed in terms of chickenpox and shingles, their epidemiology, complications, and prevention, including immunoglobulin use. Management strategies, including antiviral therapy and supportive care, are detailed for both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. All of the information maps to the RCEM Basic Sciences syllabus, making it relevant to Emergency Medicine practice and the examination.