Systems infections

Abstract This chapter reviews common infection syndromes presenting to the Emergency Department, including their typical causes, pathological processes, and relevant investigations. It covers infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, pneumonia, meningitis, encephalitis, myocarditis, endocarditis, hepatitis, gastroenteritis, urinary tract infections, sexually transmitted diseases, pelvic inflammatory disease, cellulitis, bone and joint infections, AIDS, pyrexia of unknown origin, malaria, and fungal infections. The discussion integrates aetiology, characteristic clinical features, and targeted diagnostic approaches, with cross-references to pathogen-specific details and pharmacological management covered elsewhere. All of the information maps to the RCEM Basic Sciences syllabus, making it relevant to Emergency Medicine practice and the examination.