Primary central nervous system lymphoma—current standards and recent developments
Abstract
Primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma confined to the central nervous system, without systemic involvement. The incidence has increased over the past 3 decades. The prognosis has improved in patients up to 70 years old, and this type of lymphoma can be potentially cured. The gold standard of diagnosing PCNSL is histological, usually on a brain biopsy specimen via a neurosurgical procedure. Recent developments in both imaging and laboratory analyses of the cerebrospinal fluid, can be helpful in narrowing the differential diagnosis, diagnosing PCNSL itself, and in follow-up after treatment. This narrative review gives an overview of the epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of PCNSL, with an emphasis on recent developments in diagnostic techniques and treatment.
Fields of Study & Subjects
CNS Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Lymphoma Diagnosis and Treatment
Glioma Diagnosis and Treatment
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Neuro-Oncology Practice
- Publisher
- Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 640–648
- Publication date
- 23 February 2026
- Language
- EN