Aircraft and Shipping Sanctions

Abstract This chapter starts with a historic view of the importance of transport sanctions globally. It then explains the general nature and scope of transport sanctions, their prohibitions and requirements for shipping and then aircraft in turn. The chapter addresses the prescribed purposes of transport sanctions, and the determination of whom they affect and on whom duties are imposed so as to detect breaches. It then considers reporting obligations and information requests from the Secretary of State, and transport sanctions enforcement. It analyses the various shipping and then aircraft prohibitions which apply with and without directions (including Air Navigation Order directions), the general exceptions to them, the offences committed by breaches of the regulations, and the range of penalties such a breach may attract and enforcement generally. Finally, there is a discussion of maritime enforcement powers.