State, Policies, and the Rise of New Space in India

Abstract This chapter traces the evolution of India’s space sector, from its foundational vision of socio-economic development to its contemporary status involving private sector participation. It examines key milestones, the drivers of the space program and the rise of NewSpace entities. The chapter also examines the evolving policy framework, highlighting both opportunities and obstacles in the sector’s growth, including issues like the Antrix–Devas controversy, that underscore the complexities of government-private collaborations. Concluding with an outlook on future possibilities, it presents strategic reforms and pathways for enhancing India’s role in the global space economy, while stressing the importance of balanced regulation to foster innovation and industry growth.