Kinesiophobia in Patients With Angina Pectoris: A Latent Profile Analysis

BACKGROUND: Kinesiophobia is a significant barrier to exercise rehabilitation in patients with angina pectoris (AP). An understanding of the heterogeneity of kinesiophobia and the factors that influence it may help reduce fear of movement, increase rehabilitation adherence, and enhance quality of life of patients with AP. OBJECTIVE: To explore latent kinesiophobia in patients with AP and analyze any differences. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted on 210 patients with AP from 4 tertiary hospitals in Zhejiang, China, between February 2023 and August 2023. Kinesiophobia was assessed by the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia Heart, and latent class analysis was performed to identify the kinesiophobia profile. Multinomial logistic regression was used to determine predictive factors for classification. RESULTS: Three latent classes of kinesiophobia were identified: (1) high-fear type-motor avoidance; (2) intermediate-fear type-moderate fear characterized by motor fear; and (3) low-fear type-danger perception. Significant differences were observed in educational level, exercise frequency, pain severity, pain catastrophizing, angina stability, and anxiety between patient members of the 3 classes. CONCLUSIONS: Kinesiophobia has 3 subtypes in patients with AP. Interventions should be adapted to take account of these classifications to reduce kinesiophobia, enhance adherence to rehabilitation, and improve patient outcomes.