Critical Analysis and Exploring Stigma, Legal Barriers, Healthcare Access, and Rights Advocacy Challenges of People Living With HIV in Tunisia

ABSTRACT: Our study provides a critical analysis and synthesis of the existing literature, public health data, and policy documents related to HIV stigma, legal barriers, and health care access in Tunisia. It examines complex challenges faced by people living with HIV (PLWH) in Tunisia, focusing on those three areas of concern. We identify persistent stigma and discrimination as critical obstacles, compounded by restrictive legal frameworks and health care access challenges, including workforce shortages and insufficient training. We highlight promising policy and advocacy efforts for improving care and social inclusion for PLWH. To improve health outcomes, we advocate for multifaceted reforms, including public education campaigns, legal protections, and enhanced health care services that address PLWH's unique needs. We emphasize the importance of training health care workers and creating an empathic health care environment. We provide recommendations for a comprehensive approach combining legal reform, stigma reduction, and health care improvements to uphold the rights and dignity of PLWH in Tunisia.