Understanding the Neurologic and Cognitive and Behavioral Effects Associated With Exposures to Jet Fuels

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the neurologic, cognitive, and behavioral effects of jet fuels used by the US military. METHODS: A fit-for-purpose systematic literature review approach based on the US EPA's IRIS handbook was used to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the scientific evidence. Data were synthesized to evaluate evidence for specific neurologic health outcomes. RESULTS: Short- and long-term adverse effects on sensory functions (ie, auditory, visual), memory and cognition, motor coordination, and peripheral nervous system were observed in human and animal studies following exposure to jet fuels. CONCLUSIONS: The evidence indicates that exposure to jet fuels is likely to cause neurotoxicity in humans. Overall, the results indicate that the nervous system is sensitive to jet fuel exposure; however, uncertainty remains due to the limited number of quality epidemiologic studies and the large variety of jet fuels studied.