Analysis of the current situation and influencing factors of dyslipidemia among adults in Guangzhou based on a cross-sectional survey

This study aims to understand the epidemiological characteristics of dyslipidemia by analyzing the data of adult chronic disease and risk factor surveillance in Guangzhou in 2018, as well as to investigate the common dyslipidemia combination and its influencing factors in Guangzhou and provide theoretical support for the prevention and control of dyslipidemia. Data were collected using a combination of centralized and household surveys. The Rao-Scott χ2 test was employed to compare dyslipidemia prevalence among populations with different characteristics. Multivariate analysis using binary logistic regression was conducted to identify factors associated with dyslipidemia. In 2018, the overall prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults in Guangzhou City was 37.6%. Being female (odds ratio [OR] = 0.509), meeting physical activity guidelines (OR = 0.844), and never smoking (OR = 0.801) were protective factors against dyslipidemia. Increasing age (OR > 1.5) was a risk factor for dyslipidemia, with the OR values showing an initial increase followed by a decreasing trend with advancing age. Overweight (OR = 1.952) or obesity (OR = 3.389), abnormal blood glucose (OR = 1.365), and hypertension (OR = 1.238) were also significant risk factors for dyslipidemia. Among single lipid abnormalities, high total triglycerides (High TG) had the highest prevalence rate. The most common dual lipid abnormality combination was high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol + High TG, with a prevalence rate of 10.2%. The combination of high low-density lipoprotein cholesterol + high total cholesterol + High TG was the most prevalent triple abnormality. The prevalence of dyslipidemia among adults in Guangzhou City in 2018 was concerning. Continuous efforts are needed to enhance health education on dyslipidemia, increase awareness, and improve control rates. Simultaneous efforts should be made to prevent and manage diabetes and hypertension among the population.