Direct measurement of topological barriers governing structural transitions in small colloidal clusters
Abstract
We use video microscopy to investigate transition kinetics among distinct topological states in four-particle colloidal clusters with short-range interactions. While steady-state distributions are captured solely by net free energy differences, observed transition rates are not. By introducing activation barriers proportional to topological changes between states, we construct a minimal thermodynamic framework that explains both transition rates and equilibrium distributions, with predictive capabilities across a range of interaction strengths. These findings have broad implications for evolutionary dynamics, protein folding, and self-assembly.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Material Dynamics and Properties
Advanced Thermodynamics and Statistical Mechanics
Theoretical and Computational Physics
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Physical review. E
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- L033403–L033403
- Publication date
- 6 February 2026
- Language
- EN