Linear stability of nonrelativistic Proca stars

Physical review. D/Physical review. D. 2026 Open access

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Authors: Emmanuel Chávez Nambo, Galo Diaz-Andrade, Alberto Díez-Tejedor, Edgar Preciado-Govea, Armando A. Roque, Olivier Sarbach
DOI: 10.1103/b211-tqgm
Cited by: 1
References: 48

Abstract

We study the linear stability of nonrelativistic Proca stars under generic perturbations. Using a combination of analytic and numerical methods, we demonstrate that, as expected, the ground state is always mode-stable. Additionally, we identify several mode-stable spherically symmetric excited states, including stationary states of constant and radial polarization, as well as multi-frequency states in case that the spin-spin selfinteraction vanishes. The existence of stable excited states may have implications for spin-$1$ ultralight dark matter models.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Cosmology and Gravitation Theories Astronomy and Astrophysical Research Pulsars and Gravitational Waves Research

Publication details

Journal / source
Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
Publisher
American Physical Society (APS)
Volume
113
Issue
6
Publication date
18 February 2026
Language
EN