Electromagnetic Form Factors and Structure of the T b b Tetraquark from Lattice QCD

We present the first lattice QCD determination of the electromagnetic form factors of the exotic tetraquark T b b ( b b u ¯ d ¯ ) with quantum numbers I ( J P ) = 0 ( 1 + ) . The extracted form factors encode information about its internal structure, including the charge distribution and the magnetic dipole moments, determined separately for the light and heavy quarks. Our results provide evidence in favor of it being a bound state consisting of a compact heavy diquark [ b b ] in a color-antitriplet with spin one and a light antidiquark [ u ¯ d ¯ ] in a color-triplet with spin zero. The charge radius of T b b is found to be significantly smaller than the combined charge radii of B and B * mesons. These two comprise the lowest-lying threshold B B * in the channel that we are considering, and their electric charge form factors are also determined. The computations were performed on a single ensemble, generated by the Coordinated Lattice Simulations effort, with N f = 2 + 1 dynamical quarks and a lattice spacing of approximately a ≈ 0.064 fm at the pion mass m π ≈ 290 MeV .