Q-balls across dimensions
Abstract
Scalars carrying a conserved global charge Q can form stable localized field configurations composed of a large number of particles. These nontopological solitons are spherically symmetric and are called Q-balls. While usually analyzed in three spatial dimensions, these solitons can be straightforwardly generalized to d spatial dimensions. For d = 1 , we can analytically solve the nonlinear differential equation for an important class of single-field potentials; for d > 1 , we can analytically approximate the solutions in the thin-wall or large Q-ball regime, including the first subleading correction consistently. Since the underlying differential equations have the same form as vacuum-decay bounce solutions, our results find applications there, too.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Geometric and Algebraic Topology
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics
Stochastic processes and statistical mechanics
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Volume
- 114
- Issue
- 1
- Publication date
- 12 June 2026
- Language
- EN