Adding equatorial-asymmetric effects for spin-precessing binaries into the seobnrv5phm waveform model

Gravitational waves from spin-precessing binaries exhibit equatorial asymmetries absent in nonprecessing systems, leading to net linear momentum emission and contributing to the remnant’s recoil. This effect, recently incorporated into only a few waveform models, is crucial for accurate recoil predictions and improved parameter estimation. We present an upgrade to the v5 model— SEOBNRv 5 PHM w / asym —which includes equatorial asymmetric contributions to the ℓ = m ≤ 4 waveform modes in the co-precessing frame. The model combines post-Newtonian inputs with calibrated amplitude and phase corrections and a phenomenological merger-ringdown description, tuned against 1523 quasicircular spin-precessing numerical relativity waveforms and single-spin-precessing test-body plunging-geodesic waveforms. We find that SEOBNRv 5 PHM w / asym improves the agreement with numerical relativity waveforms across inclinations, with median unfaithfulness reduced by up to 50% compared to v5, and achieves 30%–60% lower unfaithfulness than henom and 76%–80% lower than esum_ali. The model significantly improves the prediction of the recoil velocity, reducing the median relative error with numerical relativity from 70% to 1%. Bayesian inference on synthetic injections demonstrates improved recovery of spin orientations and mass parameters, and a reanalysis of GW200129 shows a threefold increase in the spin-precessing Bayes factor, highlighting the importance of these effects for interpreting spin-precessing events.