FLRW embeddings in R n + 2 , differential geometry and conformal photon propagator
Abstract
This paper introduces differential-geometric methods to study $n$-dimensional locally conformally flat spaces as submanifolds in $\mathbb{R}^{n+2}$. We derive explicit formulas relating intrinsic and ambient differential-geometric objects, including curvature tensors, the codifferential and laplacian operators. We apply this approach to Friedmann-Lemaître-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) spaces using newfound embedding formulas, obtaining new and simplified expressions for the photon propagator in four dimensions.
Fields of Study & Subjects
Geometric Analysis and Curvature Flows
Advanced Differential Geometry Research
Numerical methods in inverse problems
Publication details
- Journal / source
- Physical review. D/Physical review. D.
- Publisher
- American Physical Society (APS)
- Volume
- 113
- Issue
- 6
- Publication date
- 5 February 2026
- Language
- EN