A framework for advancing competitive advantage in Egyptian architectural design firms through change-driven technological innovation

Purpose The Architecture, Engineering, and Construction (AEC) industry faces intensified competition and reduced project opportunities, making innovation essential for Architectural Design Firms (ADFs). Rapid technological change requires strategic adaptation. This study develops a framework that applies change management principles to strengthen the competitive advantage in Egyptian ADFs through the strategic adoption of technological innovation. Design/methodology/approach A qualitative and quantitative research approach was employed to accomplish four objectives. The literature review investigated the design process, technological innovation, competitive advantage and change management. Three case studies analyzed the effectiveness of change management principles in enhancing competitive advantage. A questionnaire survey was conducted with a representative sample of Egyptian ADFs to assess their perceptions of and approaches to the role of change management principles in enhancing competitive advantage. The findings informed the development of a practical framework for enhancing the competitive advantage of ADFs through the adoption of technological innovation. Findings Egyptian ADFs demonstrate strong awareness of technological innovation as a driver of competitiveness, efficiency, and sustainability. Tools such as Building Information Modeling (BIM), Artificial Intelligence (AI), Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), the Internet of Things (IoT), and parametric modelling are recognized for improving design quality and collaboration. Despite this awareness, adoption remains limited due to various reasons. ADFs pursue differentiation strategies that emphasize design excellence, sustainability, and digital integration rather than cost reduction. However, sustaining competitiveness remains challenging. The study concludes that achieving sustainable competitive advantage requires visionary leadership, continuous learning, and strategic alignment between innovation, culture, and human resource development. Practical implications The study proposes a comprehensive framework that integrates change management principles with technological innovation to enhance the competitive advantage of Egyptian ADFs. The framework is structured around five domains. It provides a practical roadmap to guide ADFs in aligning technological tools with strategic objectives, improving workforce competencies, and fostering innovation-driven organizational cultures. By addressing the main challenges of resistance, limited training, and poor communication, the framework supports smoother digital transitions, operational efficiency, and long-term sustainability. Furthermore, this study contributes to the advancement of several United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (UN SDGs) , specifically SDG 4, 8, 9, and 11, by fostering quality education, innovation-driven economic growth, workforce development, and sustainable urban and industrial infrastructure. Originality/value This research fills a significant gap in the construction literature by linking technological innovation with change management to enhance the competitive advantage of ADFs in developing contexts. Unlike previous studies that address technology or change in isolation, this work introduces an integrated change management framework tailored to the Egyptian AEC sector. The framework offers actionable guidance for ADFs, policymakers, and industry stakeholders to accelerate digital transformation, enhance competitiveness, and strengthen sustainability performance in line with Egypt Vision 2030.