Rotational hemodynamic flow of hybrid nanofluid containing microorganisms over a rotating disk: implications for biofluid modeling and diagnostic applications

Purpose This paper aims to model the analysis of blood samples containing nanoparticles (NP) and microorganisms over a rotating disk. It aims to study how centrifugal forces, NP properties, magnetic effects and Joule heating influence blood separation, velocity distribution and microorganism concentration. Design/methodology/approach Using the Buongiorno model with blood as a non-Newtonian fluid, governing equations (continuity, momentum, temperature, concentration and microbe) are formulated. Through similarity transformation, they are reduced to ordinary differential equations and solved numerically. Figures and tables show parameter effects on blood velocity and microbial behavior. Findings Results show that NP type and concentration significantly affect velocity due to changes in density and thermal conductivity. Magnetic and Joule heating parameters also modify velocity, heat transfer and microorganism concentration, thereby enhancing blood layer separation. Originality/value The study combines NP, microorganisms and non-Newtonian blood modeling with centrifugal forces. It highlights how NP control velocity and microbial dynamics, offering new insights for improving blood separation and biomedical sample analysis.