From rivalry to synergy: individuals’ social capital as a bridge for knowledge sharing in R&D coopetitive contexts

Purpose This paper aims to analyze the role of individuals’ social capital as a bridge to foster knowledge sharing in coopetitive R&D organizations. Specifically, this paper examines how social capital dimensions (structural, relational and cognitive) shape the relationship between a coopetition-oriented mindset and coopetition-oriented behaviors to ultimately drive knowledge exchange. Design/methodology/approach Adopting a mixed-method approach, this paper combines quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative sample comprised 155 researchers from a total population of 214 (72% response rate). Complementary qualitative data was drawn from 37 face-to-face semi-structured interviews with 24 participants and 4 focus groups with 25 participants. Findings Quantitative findings indicate that a coopetition-oriented mindset fosters the development of the three dimensions of social capital. While both structural and relational dimensions are directly associated with knowledge sharing, only the structural dimension acts as a bridge between mindset and behavior, ultimately enhancing knowledge exchange. Qualitative results help explain these findings, revealing that network ties (structural) facilitate collaboration with competitors, while trust (relational) and shared goals (cognitive) help manage tensions in established relationships. Originality/value By integrating social capital theory with the relational and knowledge-based views, this study advances the understanding of how dimensions of social capital shape individuals’ ability to engage in coopetition behaviors and knowledge sharing.