Smart tourism in the age of IoT: a futures study of Fars Province, Iran

Purpose This study aims to examine the key factors influencing the successful implementation of Internet of Things (IoT) technologies in transforming tourism destinations into smart ecosystems. Through an in-depth case study of Fars Province, a prominent tourist hub in Iran, this research provides an empirical framework for understanding the drivers and barriers of IoT adoption in smart tourism. Design/methodology/approach A multi-method approach is employed in this study. Data are collected through a systematic literature review, interviews, and questionnaires. Scenario Wizard and MICMAC software are used for data analysis, with MICMAC identifying critical variables that impact IoT implementation. The study further develops two future scenarios based on favorable and critical conditions surrounding IoT adoption in tourism. Findings The MICMAC analysis reveals 14 key variables that significantly influence the implementation of IoT technologies for smart tourism in Fars Province. These variables serve as the foundation for constructing two potential future scenarios, offering insights into both favorable and challenging pathways for IoT adoption. Originality/value This research provides tourism stakeholders, particularly decision-makers in the field, with valuable tools for long-term strategic planning. By identifying the key factors driving IoT adoption and exploring potential future outcomes, the study empowers stakeholders to make informed decisions and actively contribute to the development of smart tourism ecosystems, promoting sustainable and prosperous tourism destinations.