Barriers to sexual assault investigation: officer perspectives and organizational support

Purpose The Centers for Disease Control estimates that approximately one in five (21.3% or an estimated 25.5 million) women in the USA experience a completed or attempted rape at some point in their lifetime. Existing research on policing and sexual assault, however, largely emphasizes the role of rape myths and rape culture in hindering investigations, while the logistical and day-to-day challenges faced by detectives in the investigation of these cases garner less attention. Design/methodology/approach Relying on a focal concerns approach coupled with a downstream orientation, this study unpacks the challenges faced by police agencies in their investigation of sexual assault cases beyond rape myths using data collected from interviews with 42 detectives employed by six agencies located across the USA. Findings Rape myths and rape culture combine with focal concerns to hinder sexual assault investigations. High caseloads and a lack of personnel make investigations last longer, which prolongs the stigma associated with sexual assault. Originality/value Investigation is a cornerstone of police work. Yet, little is known about the investigation of specific crimes such as sexual assault.