Solar Powered LoRa Mesh IoT System for Real Time Forest Fire Prediction, Detection and Alerting System

A forest fire is one of the most severe environmental disasters as it can result in deaths, destruction, climate change, and loss of biodiversity. To address these concerns, this study proposes a solar powered LoRa mesh Internet of things (IoT) system of real time forest fire monitoring, forecasting and warning. The proposed system will have a low-power IoT sensor node network that has temperature, humidity, smoke, and gas sensors, to constantly monitor environmental changes in forest environments. The nodes run continuously and run on solar panels, therefore, working even in isolated or inaccessible places. The gathered data is sent via a LoRa (Long Range) mesh network that enables reliable and long passive transfer on a distance. Data collected at the central gateway is analyzed in order to detect any unusual conditions that may indicate potential fire hazards. The device automatically sends alerts to the local coordinating centers and forest authorities (including fire service responders) when the conditions are identified to improve response time and reduce damage. The sensor would also be able to sustain the use of energy and increase the reliability, accuracy, and efficiency of communication in the forest ecosystem. The system is a smart, cost effective, eco-friendly modality in order to reduce fire loss and enhance forest safety.