Impact of Heterogeneity in Electric Vehicle Fast Charging Profiles on Queuing and Grid Load

Increased electric vehicle adoption has expanded the number of unique fast charging profiles, further complicating infrastructure planning. In this study we characterize heterogeneity in real-world electric vehicle (EV) fast charging profiles across different vehicle models to identify key factors and to suggest implications for future profile design. We create a dataset from publicly available information then build a queuing model to understand throughput and electricity demand on high travel days. We quantify uncertainty in the number of EVs that can move through a charging station by comparing a Monte Carlo simulation to the deterministic throughput of a single repeated fast charging profile for each vehicle charged. Our findings show heterogeneity is significant for a 12 hour charging window, varying from 14 to 57 vehicles. Modeling diverse profiles or ensuring proper representation of the EV population should be considered when modeling infrastructure.