Near-Field Channel Modeling and Beamforming in 6G Wireless Networks

This work examines the problem of estimating channels for near-field communication in the upcoming 6G wireless technology, which will utilize frequencies in the terahertz and millimeter wave ranges. By using uniform linear arrays (ULAs) and near-field beamforming, a new, effective way is presented to model and estimate channel characteristics. The suggested method uses SVD to accurately describe the channel. To make the most of the way near-field waves move through space, distance-dependent spherical wavefront modeling is also used Additionally, the degrees of freedom (DoF) are examined using both empirical estimates and analytical approximations to demonstrate the transition from near field to far field. The approach demonstrates effectiveness through simulation results, exhibiting improved estimation accuracy, resilience, and computational efficiency. This work gives a practical and scalable approach to 6G communication systems with high frequencies and overcomes the challenge of near-field propagation.