Utility-Based Successive Offloading Scheme for Downlink Rate Enhancement in Heterogeneous Networks

In Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets), Macro base stations (MBS) are integrated with Small Base Stations (SBS) to improve coverage and spectral efficiency. HetNet deployment’s diversity impacts network performance and Quality of Service (QoS) due to complex user association and resource allocation. In this paper, we propose a dynamically optimized resource management and downlink effectiveness model called Utility-Based Successive Offloading (USO). Users can transition from overloaded MBS to underloaded SBS using the USO scheme, which uses a multilevel offloading algorithm. Monte Carlo simulations demonstrate significant improvements in downlink rates and network throughput. Simulations confirm the proposed scheme enhances user experience in HetNets.