Framework of Tamil Language Based Python Programming for Vernacular Computer Science Education

The dominance of English-based programming languages presents a steep learning curve for non-English- speaking students, particularly in regions where vernacular languages are the primary medium of instruction. This paper introduces THIRAN, a Tamil-based programming language designed to eliminate this barrier by providing a fully native syntax and set of keywords. Implemented as an interpreter in Python, THIRAN includes modules for lexical analysis, parsing, interpretation, and execution. The language supports fundamental programming constructs, input/output operations, and data structures entirely in Tamil script. A comprehensive literature review is provided, comparing THIRAN to other vernacular programming efforts, including Ezhil. Full Tamil code examples, figures, and syntax comparison tables are included to illustrate THIRAN’s capabilities. Educational implications, technical challenges, and future work are discussed in this paper.