A White-Box Test Environment for Test-Driven Development in MQTT-Based IoT Systems

This study proposes a white-boxing method consisting of three controllable components-Device, Broker, and Test Code-based on the MQTT communication model to address the degradation of test reproducibility caused by the diversity of environmental configurations and test design in Test-Driven Development (TDD) for IoT environments. In the proposed method, the Device Part is virtualized, the Broker Part is script-based, and the Test Code Part is pattern-based, thereby constructing an evaluation foundation in which each component can be controlled independently to ensure reconfigurability of the test environment and consistency of evaluation procedures. Through evaluations applied to IoT operational functions, it was confirmed that consistent verification of non-functional requirements can be achieved under different configuration conditions. Consequently, the effectiveness of the proposed framework was demonstrated in suppressing the influence of configuration variability while enabling reproducible and standardized non-functional requirement evaluation.