Intelligent Prosthetic Limb Actuation Using EMG Sensors for Neuromuscular Rehabilitation in Amputees

The research project titled “Intelligent Prosthetic Limb Actuation Using EMG Sensors for Neuromuscular Rehabilitation in Amputees” proposes the design of an intelligent prosthetic limb that allows real-time control of a robotic arm with the help of bioelectrical muscle signals. The device aims to benefit amputees and neuromuscular disabled individuals by providing them with functional hand motion through actuation based on electromyography (EMG). The surface EMG sensors with gel electrodes sense muscle signals from the forearm, processed by an ESP32 microcontroller to create related control signals. These are fed to a PCA9685 servo controller, operating six MG90S servo motors-five for finger movements and one for rotation of the thumb-all embedded in a 3D-printed low-weight prosthetic apparatus. For stable and safe operation, the circuit is powered by a regulated 5V DC supply. A Unity 3D simulation system is also included, which verifies the motion's synchronicity, accuracy, and smoothness prior to hardware implementation. For effective neuromuscular rehabilitation, the experimental validation is carried out to guarantee responsive, accurate, and proportionate control of the prosthetic hand on an inexpensive, ergonomic, and intelligent assist system.