Towards Sustainable Agriculture in Morocco through Multi-Agent Systems and Digital Governance

Moroccan agriculture is at a strategic turning point due to growing pressures related to climate change, the increasing scarcity of natural resources, and changing societal dynamics in rural areas. The country’s agroclimatic diversity, despite being an advantage for agricultural production, accentuates regional inequalities in terms of access to water, soil quality, and resilience to climate variations. In this context, this article proposes an integrated framework for smart agricultural governance, based on the coordinated use of artificial intelligence, multi-agent systems, remote sensing, and multisource agricultural data, and structured around a multi-scale approach. This paper is conceived as a design-oriented conceptual framework, with the objective of structuring future intelligent agricultural governance systems adapted to Moroccan territorial realities. By mobilizing both satellite data and localized agricultural needs, our approach aims to combine climate forecasts, territorial constraints, and resilience scenarios to guide agricultural decision-making. We propose a conceptual architecture enriched by a collaborative territorial governance framework, integrating all stakeholders, from ministries to farmers, in order to foster adaptive, sustainable, and contextualized management of production systems. This work therefore establishes the foundations for a strategic repositioning of Morocco’s agricultural sector, at the crossroads of digital transformation and sustainability requirements.