HERACLES: 8192-Way SIMD Programmable Scalable Fully-Homomorphic Encryption SoC for Privacy-Preserving Cloud Computing in Intel 3 CMOS

2026 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC) 2026

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Authors: Anupam Golder, Raghavan Kumar, Sachin Taneja, Kylan Race, Paolo Aseron, James Greensky, W. Wang, Huijing Gong, Lalith Kethareswaran, Vikram Suresh, Adish Pradeep Vartak, AppaRao Challagundla
+18 more Jeremy Casas, Poornima Lalwaney, Duhyeong Kim, Christopher N. Gutierrez, Ernesto Zamora Ramos, Wonhee Cho, Jose M. Rojas Chaves, Michael Steiner, Dan Lake, Nataraj Yennampelli, Karthik Nivarthi, Kamalakanth Bijinapally, Bala Prasad Talamala, Sravanth Valluri, Vasantha Srirambhatla, Chris Wilkerson, Rosario Cammarota, Sanu Mathew
DOI: 10.1109/isscc49663.2026.11409291
Cited by: 3
References: 5

Abstract

A fully homomorphic encryption (FHE) accelerator SoC fabricated in Intel 3 CMOS with single-cycle 8k polynomial arithmetic throughput using a massively-parallel 8192-way SIMD vector compute engine is presented. The programmable SoC employs a 3-tiered memory subsystem, optimized Cooley-Tukey NTT/iNTT butterflies and a 2D mesh NoC to support multiple FHE schemes and parameters, with measured compute engine throughput of 29.49 TOPs at$0.75 \mathrm{V}, 1.2 \text{GHz}$, delivering up to$5547 \times$higher FHE performance than generalpurpose CPUs.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Cryptography and Data Security Cryptographic Implementations and Security Cryptography and Residue Arithmetic

Publication details

Journal / source
2026 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference (ISSCC)
Publisher
IEEE
Pages
424–426
Publication date
15 February 2026