Development and Experimental Validation of a High-Precision Voltage and Power-Controlled Radiofrequency Ablation System

To design and validate a real-time precision control system for radiofrequency ablation (RFA) that counteracts power instability from dynamic tissue impedance, ensuring accurate and predictable energy delivery.An integrated system was developed with high-precision RF signal acquisition and two novel algorithms: an impedance-adaptive voltage correction to eliminate measurement errors, and a Taylor series-based feedforward control for rapid ($< $50ms) power adjustments. Performance was validated using an electrosurgical analyzer (20-500$\Omega$load range) and through ex vivo ablation experiments on porcine liver, chicken breast, and pork tissues.The system achieved high measurement accuracy, with voltage/current errors$< $3% and impedance/power errors$< $4%. The impedance-adaptive algorithm reduced voltage control error by 90% under non-nominal loads. Ex vivo ablations demonstrated excellent lesion repeatability, with ablation zone area discrepancies under 1.24%. The integrated hardware-software solution provides a validated method to enhance the predictability and consistency of RFA. Ensuring consistent RFA energy delivery, this technology creates predictable ablation zones, enhancing efficacy and safety by reducing tumor recurrence and minimizing damage to surrounding healthy tissue.