A Portable Conformal Antenna Sensor System for the Diagnosis of Sarcopenia

This paper proposes a conformal antenna sensor system applicable to the detection of sarcopenia. The antenna unit employs a coplanar waveguide feeding structure with the feeding network and radiation patch integrated on a single layer. The dielectric substrate utilizes 0.2-mm-thick FR4 material. The antenna achieves broadband performance in the 4–6 GHz range. It also maintains stable performance when conforming to the approximately cylindrical human upper arm, which has a radius ranging from 200 mm to 500 mm. We established a complete sarcopenia detection sensor system by integrating the conformal antenna with a portable network analyzer and tested it in a population of individuals aged 60 and above. The data were processed using a unique ultra-wideband differential integration method. Subsequent modeling and analysis of the processed data using machine learning algorithms validated the reliability and accuracy of the system in diagnosing the presence or absence of sarcopenia.