On-Chip Photonics Integrated Circuits Formed by Three-Dimensional Waveguides for Mode Manipulation

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics 2026

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Authors: Zirou Liu, Yü Huang, Yahao Li, Jun Xue, Chaoyue Wang, Wanyu Wu, Yanping Li, Jiawei Kong, Yue Chen, Zhihang Yan, Sławomir Ertman, Dong Xinyong
+3 more Tomasz R. Woliński, Perry Ping Shum, Quandong Huang
DOI: 10.1109/jstqe.2026.3654088
Cited by: 5
References: 76

Abstract

Chip-scale photonics integrated circuits have attracted great attention in optical communications for decades due to their advantages in material compatibility, power consumption, bandwidth, and integrability. We present a comprehensive introduction of mode-manipulating devices based on three dimensional (3D) waveguide circuits, where these devices are fabricated by using optical lithography, femtosecond laser direct writing, or 3D printing based on two-photon absorption methods. We also discuss the future development and applications of the 3D photonic chips, which can find further applications in quantum optics, signal processing, and biosensing, all leveraging mode manipulation.

Fields of Study & Subjects

Nonlinear Optical Materials Studies Laser Material Processing Techniques Photonic and Optical Devices

Publication details

Journal / source
IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Quantum Electronics
Publisher
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Volume
32
Issue
2: 3-D Horizons in Photonics
Pages
1–15
Publication date
14 January 2026