Full-Wave Simulation of Kerr Comb Generation Using FDTD

The rapid development of optical frequency comb technology has enabled its application in various fields. Kerr frequency combs, based on third-order Kerr nonlinearity and high-Q microresonators, offer advantages including compactness and high efficiency. The generation of Kerr frequency combs involves complex nonlinear dynamics and is often modeled using the nonlinear Schrödinger equation or coupled-mode equations. However, these methods become challenging when faced with complex geometric and dispersive conditions or when the underlying physical assumptions no longer hold. In this work, we present a simulation study of the Kerr comb generation using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method. We demonstrate that by utilizing over 1 billion grid points and millions of time steps, our FDTD simulation framework can accurately capture the spatiotemporal details of Kerr comb formation. This first-principles approach inherently incorporates various geometric and dispersion structures without relying on specific physical assumptions, providing a unified and comprehensive modeling perspective.