A Broadband Low-Profile Electronic Beam-Scanning Transmitarray Antenna With Dual-Polarization Independent Control Capability

In this letter, a novel broadband low-profile recon figurable transmitarray (RTA) antenna with independent dual polarization (DP) beam-scanning capability is proposed. The enhanced bandwidth is achieved through bow-tie patches incorporating integratedvias in the transmission cell design, while independent control of dual-polarized responses is realized by four strategically placed PIN diodes. To significantly reduce the feed-to-RTA distance, a specifically designed phase-controlled re f lectarray (PCRA) with two-degree-of-freedom cells is employed to generate a virtual focal point, reducing the profile height to one-third of conventional designs. A 16 × 16-cell DP-RTA proto type operating at 11.5 GHz was fabricated to validate the design. Utilizing the designed 1-bit phase distributions optimization method based on the discrete human evolutionary optimization algorithm (DHEOA), the antenna achieves good ±50° 2D beam scanning performance. Measurements demonstrate a 38.3% 3-dB gain bandwidth (9.5-14 GHz) and a peak gain of 21.7 dBi.