Motion Parameter and Stability Estimation of Rotating Object Based on Orbital Angular Momentum

In a complex low-altitude environment, the safe takeoff and landing of uncrewed aerial vehicles (UAVs) involve the estimation of motion parameters and stability. However, during these phases, the orbital angular momentum (OAM)-induced Doppler shifts include angular and radial velocities, which makes it difficult to decouple and estimate each parameter. In this letter, a method is proposed to effectively separate and estimate the angular and radial velocities by introducing a dual-dimensional dictionary and a correlation-based dynamic step size optimization. Then, using the scattering coefficient achieved by a threshold iterative optimization and calculating its entropy, the motion stability is assessed. Simulation results illustrate that the estimated values match closely with the reference values, with relative errors for angular and radial velocities of 0.17% and 0.25%, respectively. The motion stability is supported by the low entropy value, which is consistent with the assumed scenario. The proposed method achieves higher accuracy in motion parameter estimation than other schemes and includes stability estimation.