Microheater Integrated Smart Biochemical Sensing Patch for Monitoring Wounds and Accelerating Healing

This work introduces a flexible, multimodal biosensing patch platform for real-time wound monitoring and accelerated healing. The platform integrates a bioinspired microfluidic wound exudate collector with a multiplexed sensor array to continuously assess metabolites (glucose, lactate, uric acid), electrolytes ($\text{Na}^{+}$,$\mathrm{K}^{+}$), pH, and temperature. Inspired by the pitcher plant, the microchannels are decorated with V-shaped posts that generate a capillary diode effect, enabling unidirectional and rapid transport of wound exudate to the sensing area. In addition, a voltage-controlled Pt microheater provides localized thermography treatment, promoting tissue regeneration in a drug-free therapeutic strategy. The biosensors are functionalized with a reduced graphene oxide-gold nanowire (rGO@AuNWs) composite, significantly enhancing sensitivity and stability. Proof-ofconcept demonstrations confirmed multiplexed profiling of glucose,$\text{Na}^{+}, \text{pH}$, and temperature in wound fluid, highlighting the system's potential as a next-generation smart wound management platform.