Gate-Controlled Nanofluidic Device Enables Reconfigurable Bilingual Synaptic Behavior

Biological synapses regulate ion channels and synaptic behavior through gating effects, enabling various functions including memory and computation with remarkably low energy consumption. This work reports a three-terminal gate-controlled nanofluidic artificial synapse based on wafer-level MEMS fabrication for the first time. By integrating gate electrodes within the nanochannel, the device broadens the tunable range of surface charge density and conductance. A single device can realize reconfigurable excitatory and inhibitory synaptic behaviors with adjustable sensitivity, improving both functionality and integration potential. This work provides a new paradigm for fully ionic systems in complex spatiotemporal signal computation application.