A Low-Cost Educational Tool for Teaching Photovoltaic Systems in Evening Engineering Programs Using Project-Based Learning

This paper presents the design and validation of a low-cost educational platform for teaching photovoltaic systems in evening engineering programs. The proposed system integrates artificial irradiance, single-axis tracking, and power conversion stages within a structured Project-Based Learning (PBL) framework organized into three Learning Journeys. The artificial lighting model was implemented using a fifth-degree polynomial fit (R2> 0.97), and the tracking mechanism reduced voltage variability by approximately 75%. The push-pull DC/DC converter achieved 78% efficiency at 50 W nominal operation, while the inverter stage produced a stable 60 Hz waveform with 18% THD, suitable for laboratory experimentation. Educational assessment involving 44 students indicated positive perceived impact on applied learning and competency development. The proposed solution provides an economically accessible and technically viable alternative for photovoltaic laboratory implementation independent of daylight conditions.